“A city is what it is because its citizens are what they are.” (PLATO)

Global Residents Study / Happy City Index 2027

Residents' priorities for urban quality of life

The Global Residents Study was conducted in September 2026 to bring residents' perspectives directly into the methodological review of the Happy City Index 2027. The study explored what people consider most important for a good quality of life in cities, which areas they believe require the greatest improvement, and which dimensions of everyday urban experience may not be fully captured by conventional city rankings.

Study period: September 2026 Scope: Global Study participation: 465 Methodology review: HCI 2027
Purpose of the study

Bringing residents' voices into the Happy City Index 2027

The study was designed as an international consultation supporting the review of the Happy City Index methodology. Its purpose was to understand which aspects of urban life residents themselves associate with a good place to live, identify the areas they believe cities should prioritise for improvement, and explore whether important elements of lived urban experience are insufficiently reflected in conventional city rankings. The findings provide an additional resident-centred perspective for reviewing the themes and indicators used in the Happy City Index 2027.

Global reach
62 countries
The study brought together perspectives from residents across 62 countries.
Diverse urban contexts
London → Abeokuta
One example of the diversity of urban contexts represented in the study: London (approx. 9.1 million residents) and Abeokuta, Nigeria (approx. 0.6 million residents).
Study participation
465 participants
Residents contributed their perspectives to the Global Residents Study supporting the HCI 2027 methodology review.
01 / Everyday quality of life

Most frequently selected aspects of city life

Affordability and safety appear most frequently among the recorded selections, followed by access to nature, employment, environmental quality and public transport.

Share of all study participants
Base: all study participants
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Affordable housing & cost of living
18.1%
Safety & security
17.2%
Parks, green spaces & access to nature
15.3%
Employment opportunities & fair earnings
14.4%
Clean air & a healthy environment
14.2%
Good public transport
13.3%
Culture, leisure & entertainment
10.8%
Access to healthcare
10.5%
Multiple answers were permitted. Percentages therefore do not sum to 100%. All figures use the common study participation base.
02 / Priorities for improvement

Which areas should cities prioritise over the next five years?

The pattern changes when residents are asked to think specifically about improvement. Housing affordability and employment become especially prominent, with transport, safety and trust in public institutions also appearing strongly.

Priority area Share of all participants
Affordable housing & cost of living 15.1%
Employment opportunities & fair earnings 13.5%
Good public transport 9.7%
Safety & security 8.6%
Trust in local government & public institutions 7.3%
Participants could identify several priorities. Percentages use total study participation as the common denominator.
03 / Interpreting the contrast

What matters most is not always what requires the most improvement.

The study distinguishes between two different questions: the features that make urban life good and the areas residents believe require action. This distinction matters when interpreting urban performance.

Everyday importance
Safety, nature and environmental quality
These themes feature strongly when residents describe the foundations of a good place to live.
Improvement pressure
Housing, employment and transport
These areas become more prominent when respondents move from describing quality of life to identifying where cities should act.
04 / Happy City Index framework

The current six-area structure remains relevant.

Responses across the six existing Happy City Index areas support retaining the overall structure while reviewing selected indicators within individual themes.

HCI Theme 01
Citizens
Social relationships, inclusion, participation, education, opportunity and residents' experience of city life.
HCI Theme 02
Governance
Trust, public institutions, quality of administration and the relationship between residents and local government.
HCI Theme 03
Environment
Air quality, green spaces, cleanliness, access to nature and environmental conditions experienced in everyday life.
HCI Theme 04
Economy
Employment, earnings, affordability, housing and the ability to maintain a satisfactory standard of living.
HCI Theme 05
Health
Healthcare access, physical and mental wellbeing and the wider conditions that support healthy urban living.
HCI Theme 06
Mobility
Public transport, walking, cycling, accessibility and the ability to reach everyday needs efficiently.
Analytical interpretation

Residents are asking for better measurement of lived urban experience.

The open responses suggest that conventional city statistics do not always capture how urban conditions are experienced in everyday life. Residents repeatedly referred to belonging, perceived safety, convenience, access, social interaction and the ability to participate in city life without unnecessary barriers.

Belonging
Community
Everyday safety
Affordability
Accessibility
Public space
Nature
Lived experience
05 / Areas often missed by conventional rankings

Recurring themes from open-text responses

Several themes repeatedly appeared in residents' own descriptions of what a global city index should pay greater attention to.

Finding 01

Belonging and social connection

Respondents referred to relationships with neighbours, community participation, loneliness and the broader feeling of belonging to a place.

Finding 02

Affordability beyond housing prices

Comments suggest considering the relationship between income, housing quality, everyday costs and the ability to maintain a comfortable standard of living.

Finding 03

Perceived everyday safety

Residents described safety as the ability to walk alone, use public transport and move around the city confidently, including at night.

Finding 04

Practical accessibility

Good mobility is not only about infrastructure. It is also about whether residents can reach shops, schools, services, employment and social activities conveniently.

Finding 05

Nature as an everyday resource

Green spaces were described as places for exercise, calm, recreation, social interaction and psychological restoration, rather than simply as an environmental asset.

Finding 06

Free and low-cost social spaces

Some respondents highlighted the importance of public spaces where people can meet, spend time and participate in city life without being required to consume or spend money.

Implication for HCI 2027

The findings support refinement rather than a complete redesign of the Happy City Index.

The study reinforces the relevance of Citizens, Governance, Environment, Economy, Health and Mobility, while highlighting opportunities to improve how the Index captures housing affordability, perceived safety, social connection, access to public and social spaces, practical mobility and residents' lived experience of the city.

GLOBAL RESIDENTS STUDY 2027 · CONDUCTED IN SEPTEMBER 2026 · EXPLORATORY INTERNATIONAL CONSULTATION SUPPORTING THE METHODOLOGICAL REVIEW OF THE HAPPY CITY INDEX 2027. TOTAL STUDY PARTICIPATION: 465. WHERE QUANTITATIVE PERCENTAGES ARE PRESENTED, THE DENOMINATOR IS THE FULL STUDY PARTICIPATION FIGURE. MULTIPLE ANSWERS WERE PERMITTED IN SELECTED QUESTIONS AND NOT ALL PARTICIPANTS PROVIDED RESPONSES TO EVERY QUESTION.

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